India is a secular democracy characterized by immense religious, cultural, and linguistic diversity. Protecting the fundamental rights of religious and linguistic minorities is vital for preserving pluralism and social harmony.
Article 25 guarantees all persons freedom of conscience and the right to freely profess, practice, and propagate religion.
Article 29 protects distinct cultural and linguistic identity, while Article 30 guarantees the right to establish and administer educational institutions.
The Government of India officially notifies six national religious minorities: Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Parsis, and Jains.